MoCoLinux: Modern Cooperative Linux
A port of coLinux (i386, unmaintained since ~2011) to x86-64: a modern Linux 7.1.5 kernel running as a guest inside Windows XP x64 through Windows 10 x64 on bare hardware, with no hypervisor, no emulation, no virtualization extensions. Both kernels run at ring 0 on the bare processor, world-switching the full CPU context through a passage page mapped identically in both address spaces. It is the first coLinux-style kernel to run an SMP Linux guest, the first with hardware-accelerated OpenGL on the host's real GPU by default, and the first 64-bit Cooperative Linux, with KDE Plasma applications appearing as native Windows windows on the shared desktop and taskbar.
World Switch at Ring 0
No guest-physical address space, no shadow page tables, no VT-x. A world switch swaps the full CPU context (CR0 to CR8, GDT, IDT, TR, per-CPU MSRs, FPU state) between Windows and Linux through a passage page valid mid-crossing, including the CR4-before-CR3 and MSR_TSC_AUX fixes that keep Windows 10's KVA Shadow and PatchGuard happy.
First Cooperative SMP Guest
Upstream coLinux never got past one CPU. MoCoLinux runs a two-vCPU SMP guest on Windows 10 (posted per-vCPU interrupt bitmaps with targeted DPC doorbells instead of a fake APIC), measuring near-linear 1.98 to 2.03x scaling on sysbench and OpenSSL, with real core topology from CPUID.
Hardware GPU by Default
virtio-gpu over a trapless transport (3 µs median submission round trip) into virglrenderer replaying the guest's GL onto the host card via WGL. CoPresent carries presentation inside the virgl command stream, so sandboxed clients need zero configuration: Firefox renders direct and Steam logs CoPresent active from inside pressure-vessel.
FragRAM: Scattered Pages, Dense Guest RAM
The guest no longer needs contiguous physical runs: the driver allocates whatever scattered nonpaged pages Windows can spare and p2m/m2p tables present them to Linux as ordinary dense RAM starting at pseudo-physical zero, with configurations supported up to 128 GB.